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Nanogels as Novel Drug Delivery Systems - A Review

Hemant KS Yadav, Noor Anwar Al Halabi and Ghufran Ayman Alsalloum

Nanogels are innovative drug delivery system that can play an integral part in pointing out many issues related to old and modern courses of treatment such as nonspecific effects and poor stability. Nanogels may be defined as highly cross linked nano-sized hydrogels ranges from 20-200 nm. They can be administered through various routes, including oral, pulmonary, nasal, parenteral, intra-ocular etc. They have a high degree of drug loading capacity and it shows better permeation capabilities due to smaller size. They release the drug by pH responsive, thermosensitive, volume transition, photochemical internalization and Photoisomerization mechanism. They can be classified by stimuli responsive or non-responsive behavior and type of linkages present in the network chains of gel structure. Nanogel can be synthesized by Photolithographic, modified pullulan, emulsion polymerization, reverse microemulsion polymerization, inverse miniemulsion polymerization and free radical crosslinking polymerization technique. Nanogels can be used for the treatment of cancer, diabetes, inflammation and bone regeneration etc. Nanogels are the novel drug delivery systems for both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs.